Apparatus for dyeing slivers.



Patented Sept. 9, I902.

2 Sheets-Sheet l.

M4 F ,wvm k H M w w w B 24 3 HHHIIIIIIIIIIIIIII a C. M. HANSON.APPARATUS FOR DYEING SLIVEBS. A licacionm d me. 14, 1901.

(jlo Model.)

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H s F U E H .H H a Witnesses- No. 708,808. 7 Patented Sept. 9,, I902.

' C. M. HANSON. 1 .v

APPARATUS FUR DYEING SLIVEBS.

2 Sheets-Shut 2.

NrTs STATES PATENT Qrrioa- CHARLES M. HANSON, OF PEACEDALE, RHODEISLAND.

f APPARATUS FOR DYEING SLIVERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 708,808, datedSeptember 9,1902.

7 Application filed December 14, 1901. Serial No. 85,917. (No modelJ V vTo all whom, i-mrty concern.-

' Be. itknown that 1, CHARLES M. HANSON, a citizen of the United States,residing in Peacedale, in the countyof Washington and State of RhodeIsland, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus forDyeing Slivers Wound intoTops or Cheeses, of which the following, withthe accompanying drawings, is a description.

My invention is designed more especially at that exact point in" itsmanufacture into yarn, but would also prove practical to a greater orless extent whenever the sliver is wound into such balls. I

In the drawings, Figure l is an elevation of my apparatus almost whollyin sectionnpon a diameter thereof. Fig. 2 is 'a plan, upon line 2 2 ofFig. 1, of the ratchet-wheels and ratchets for rotating the perforatedcans. Fig. 3 is a plan of a portion of the apparatus upon line 3 3 ofFig.1, vshowing'the'disposal of the perforated cans in a circle in asupporting circular framework. Fig. 4. is a plan on line 4: 4 of Fig; 1,showing the construction of the rotating wheel. Fig. 5 is a sectionalplan on line 5 5 of Fig. 1; and Figs. 6 and 7 show details of the topsof the perforated cans, as hereinafter described.

My apparatus consists of a circular tank is mounted in the center ofthetank and driven by a pulley D. A-ttached t'o the shaft D to be rotatedbyit and located just above the floor 13 is a wheel (sh'ownin Fig. 1 andseparately in Fig. 4) consisting of a rim E, spokes E tapering from thecenter outwardly, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, and two coverings spokesand the other attached to their under.

sides. These coverings E and E cover the same portion of the space nearthe bottom of the tank as the partial 'floor'B, leaving the same centralopening and the same openspace between the wheel and the walls of thetank, and the lower covering F. conforms to the in clination of thefloor B. The entire wheel is made to rotate as near the floor B as ispractical. vThe construction of'theentire wheel E will be seen toconsist of pockets opening into the central open space and closedat-their outer edge by the rim E of the wheel, (see Fig. 1,) and it willbe shown hereinafter that t the dye liquor will enter these pockets whenthe machine is operated. Round cans G G, about fifteen inches indiameter'and, say, thirt-y six inches in height, made, preferably, ofsheet copper and perforated as fully as possible .with holes aboutone-eighth of an inchin diameter, are supported by the wheel E anddisposed in a circle thereon close to one another, so as to constitutesubstantially the outer perforated circumference of wheel E, so thatthey communicate with the pockets of the wheel. equivalent construction)fit loosely into the holes in the covering of the wheel, so that the Thetubes F (or any cans G G can be rotated upon them as axes. Fig. 3 of thedrawings shows the arrangement of these cans side by side in acircle,supported at their tops by a circular cover. or framework P,attached to the shaft D by arms P. The construction thus far describedshows that by the rotation of the wheel E by means of the pulley Dthesecans are revolved around the central shaft D of the machine; but inaddition to this circular motion I cause each-can to rotate in thefollowing manner: In the top edge of each can there are cut notches g,(see Fig.- 7,) andthe-solid cover G, Fig. 6, is pro- .vided with lugs g;to enter these notches.

Square upright shafts H H are attached to;

the covers G, (see Figs. 1 and 6,) so that when these shafts are rotatedthe covers, and consequently the cans G G, are rotated thereby. At asufficient height above the tops of the cans is another wheel K, oflight construction, (shown separately in Fig. 2, and see also Fig. 1,)which is attached to the shaft D to rotate with it, and mounted in thislatter wheel are ratchet-wheels H H, (see Fig. 2,) so attached to therim of the wheel K as to prevent them from being lifted off the rim, butto permit them to rotate freely upon their axes. The square shafts H Hpass through the hubs of the ratchetwheels H H, the opening through thetubes being square to loosely fit the shafts. There isa cam D Fig. 2,surrounding the shaft D, but rigidly attached to the foot of the bearingD, Fig. 1, so as to be stationary, and a strap D, Fig. 2, of ordinaryconstruction, surrounds the cam. Attached to the cam-strap are elasticor spring rods H with hooks in their ends to engage the notches of theratchets on the wheels H 11. These rods H are conveniently made in pairsand split, as shown in the drawings, Fig. 2, to engage two adjoiningratchets. A rod R is rigidly attached to the strap D and extendsoutwardly over the wheel K,and an upright piece R is attached by apivot-joint to its outer end and by a similarjoint to the wheel K, so asto permit the arm to have a longitudinal motion, but to compel it, andconsequently the strap D", to which it is attached, to rotate with theframework and other parts of the extractor. This rod R is not necessarywhen the apparatus is run at a comparatively low speed, as the strain onthe rods II will carry the strap D of the cam D around with it, and thecam will give the longitudinal motion to the rods H required to turn theratchet-wheels H H, and by means of the square shafts H H, the covers GG with their lugs fitting the recesses in the cans G G, thelatter willbe partially rotated upon their axes for every rotation of the shaft Dand. its connected parts. Each of the cans G G has a false bottom G (seeFig. 1,) with two elastic or spring rods G G attached to it, extendingupward the length of the cans and passing through slots in the cover Gin such a way that the notched ends of the rods will spring over thecover to connect the false bottom with the cover, but permitting them tobe readily separated by the elasticity of the rods. Each of the squareshafts II H has an eye It in its upper end, into which a tackle can befastened when unloading the machine, as hereinafter described.

As already described, the cans G G, with the mechanism for rotating them,are arranged in a circle upon the lower Wheel E and are placed as closeto one another as possible. Between the cans and each one overlappingtwo adjoining cans to a greater or less extent are plates L L, Figs. 1and 3, which extend the entire height of the cans. They may readily besupported and retained in proper position by upright rods Z Z in theircenters. These plates are preferably of two widths, every alternate onebeing sufficiently wide to overlap its cans to a point about on thediameter of the apparatus, while the others are only sufficiently wideto cover the spaces be.- tween the cans and to overlap them only to theleast possible extent. The object of this difference will be explainedlater on. A round disk or cover S is arranged upon the shaft D so thatit can he slid up and down and fastened at any point by a set-screw S.This cover is of a size sufficient to cover the central opening in thecovering E when it is slid down upon it, as hereinafter explained.

In operating the apparatus the false bottoms G G are dropped into thecans without the covers. The tops or cheeses are forced into the cansaround the tubes F F, it being preferable to have them fit into the canstightly and the cans being preferably made several inches smaller indiameter than the tops for this reason. \Vhen the cans are filled, thecovers G G are put on over the spring-rods G G and with the lugs of thecover fitting into the recesses of the cans, and the apparatus is readyfor operation. When the wheel E is rotated at a moderate speed only, thecentrifugal action is suflicient to cause the dye liquor to mount intothe tubes F F from the pockets of the wheel, and as the speed increasesthe liquor is forced upwardly into them very strongly. This occurs evenwhen the apparatus is filled with liquor only to a level considerablylower than the upper floor E of the Wheel E. It thus becomes possible tooperate the machine in either of two ways-namely, first, by filling itfrom onehalf to three-quarters full (depending somewhat upon thetendency to foam of the dye liquor used) and permit it to be thrownoutwardly from the center through the perforated cans as well asupwardly into the tubes F F and thence outwardly through theirperforations, or, secondly, by placing only sul'li cient liquor in theapparatus to partially fill the wheel-pockets when the apparatus is atrest, and thereby use only the tubes F F to effeet the dyeing. In thelatter method the cover S is slid down upon the shaft D to cover thecentral opening in the upper floor E of the wheel and there fastenedwith its set-screw in order to prevent the liquor from splashing up, asany such splashing under the high speed used in thus operating themachine is apt to mat the tops more or less in the cans. In the firstofthese methods of operation the resistance of the liquor around theextractor is considerable,and a comparatively low speed can only beused, but is effective. In the second method the liquor comes fromthe-pen forated cans in a fine spray, and there is comparatively littleresistance therefrom, so that it is possible to get the penetratingpower given by a high speed of the extractor. Both methods have theiradvantages. It is difficult or impossible to obtain good results withvery light colors without the use of the tubes F F, although it is notnecessary to use them alone in order to do so; but because of the highspeed possible and the smaller amount passes down between the cans andthe outer.

of dye liquor usedit is frequently advantageous to use the tubes only.Upon the other hand, it is not possible to use the tubes F F alone withcolors which will oxidize readily in the air when finely divided intospray, as is the case, 'for example, with indigo. In either method ofoperating it the dye liquor walls of the-tank under the partial fioor'Band back to the center, the wings or, plates C G completely preventingany tendency the liquor may have to continueits rotary motion underthefloor, although their presence could be dispensed with withoutentirely preventing the action of the machine, or if thesev wings areretained the false floor Bzmay be entirely omitted. As the liquor againreaches the center it will mount upward through the central opening inthe wheel E into the pockets thereof and the tubes F F, and if thefirstof the above methods of operation is being.- employed a portion ofthe liquor will also pass upward intothe cent-er of the apparatusbetween the perforated cans, to be again thrown When the dyeing iscomplete, the liquor is drawn from the appa-' ratus, and water or otherchemicals may be out through the latter.

introduced to wash or further effect the dye- .ing, and after the latteris also withdrawn the speed is preferably increased for a few minutes,if the first of the above methods has been'used, in order to extract aportion of whatever liquid remains in the tops. The

machine then being stopped, a small tackle is successively fastened inthe several eyes h h and the false bottoms of the cans thus pulled out,thereby lifting the dyed tops from the cans. Itwill be seen that theplates L L prevent the liquor from passing out between the cans when thefirst of the above methods of operating the apparatus is used, thuscompelling it to pass through vthe perforations in.

the cans and through the tops within. If

' these plates were all as small as the'smaller set of them, it will beseen that the tops would receive the liquorpassing through from theinside of the apparatus equally on both sides of the tubes F F; but theouter portion of the tops at anymoment also receives dye liquor comingfrom these tubes F F, and that side of the tops which is turning towardthe centerof the apparatus by the turning of the can upon its axis hasthen received more liquor and is heavier than that side turning awayfromthe center. I have ter of the apparatus, and thereby compelling theliquor'from the center to. pass through the other side-of the topsonly,and it isfor' this reason that I have heretofore made, every I alternateplate sufficiently large to-cover one: half of the surface of twoadjoining cans exposedto the center of the machine, it being observedthat any two adjoining cans as arrangedin the drawings always turn inoppO site directions. v

Iclaim as myinventione 1. In an apparatus for dyeing .tops or cheeses,the combination of atank,a5haft within the tank and means for rotatingit, a

series of perforated 'cans to contain the tops to bedyedmounted upontheshaft to sub-* stantially constitute the periphery of an extractor, andmeans within the tank to stop the rotation ofthe. dye liquor after beingthrown out'through thefperforated cans and return itto the center of theapparatus.

2. In an apparatus for dyeing tops or cheeses, the combination of atank, a wheel within and near the bottom of the tank which has an opencenter and which does not extend to the walls of the tank, means forrotating the wheel, a series of perforated cans to contain the t'opsmounted upon the wheel, and rigid strips or wings under the wheel, the

whole arranged so that the dye liquor will bethrown out through theperforated cans by wheel to the center of the apparatus.

the rotation'of the wheel and return underthe i 3. In an apparatus, fordyeing tops .or

cheeses, the combination of .a tank with a partial floor near its bottomleaving an opening in the center of, the floor and between it and thewalls of the tank, strips under the partial fioorextending from thewalls of the tank to the open center, a wheel with anopen center torotate above the partial floor, means for rotating the wheel, and aseries of perforated cans to contain the tops mounted upon the wheel,the whole arranged so that the dye liquor will be thrown out through theperforated cans by Ihe-rotationof the wheel and return underthe floor tothecenter of the apparatus. I v

4. In an apparatus for dyeing tops or' cheeses, the combination of atank, awheel within and near thebottom of the tank and means forrotating it, a series of perforated cans to contain-the tops to bedyed-mounted upon the wheel and constituting substantially the peripheryof an extractor, means for rotween the cans to prevent the dye liquorfrom passing out between them, and means for returning the dye liquor tothe center of the apparatus after being thrown out through theperforated cans.

5. In an apparatus for dyeing tops or cheeses, the combination of atank, a wheel within and near the bottom of the tankwhich has an opencenter and which does not extend to the wallsof the tank, means forrotating the wheel, rigid strips or wings under the tating the cans upontheir centers, plates bewheel, a series of perforated cans to containthe tops to be dyed mounted upon the wheel and constitutingsubstantially the periphery of an extractor, means for rotating the cansabout their axes, and plates between the cans to prevent the dye liquorfrom passing out between them.

6. In an apparatus for dyeing tops 0r cheeses, the combination of atank, a wheel within and near the bottom of the tank with an opening inits center and between it and the walls of the tank, and constructedwith a pocket or pockets extending outwardly from the open center, meansfor rotating the wheel, a series of perforated cans to contain the topsto he dyed mounted upon the wheel and constituting substantially theperiphery of an extractor, means for rotating the cans about their axes,a hollow perforated tube in each can, with their interiors connectedwith the pockets of the wheel, plates between the cans to prevent thedye liquor from passing out between the cans; and means for returningthe liquor to the center of the wheel.

7. In an apparatus for dyeing tops or cheeses, the combination of atank, a wheel in the tank near its bottom with an opening in its centerand between it and the walls'of the tank, and constructed with a pocketor pockets extending outwardly from the open center, rigid strips underthe wheel to prevent any circular motion of the liquor at that point, aseries of perforated cans to contain the tops to be dyed mounted uponthe wheel and constituting substantially the periphery of an extractor,means for rotating the cans about their axes, a hollow perforated tubein each can with their interiors connected with the pockets of thewheel, and plates between the cans to prevent the dye liquor frompassing out between them.

8. In an apparatus for dyeing tops or cheeses, the combination of atank, a wheel in the tank near its bottom with an opening in its centerand between it and the walls of the tank and constructed with a pocketor pockets extending outwardly from the open center, rigid strips underthe wheel to prevent any circular motion of the liquor at that point,means for rotating the wheel, a series of perforated cans to contain thetops to be dyed mounted upon the wheel and constituting substantiallythe periphery of an extractor, means for rotating the cans about theiraxes, a hollow perforated tube in each can with their interiorsconnected with the pockets of the wheel, and plates extending abouthalf-way over the portion of the can next to the center of the apparatusand covering that portion of the can turning toward the center, andplates between the cans to prevent the dye liquor from passing outbetween them.

9. In an apparatus for dyeing tops or cheeses, the combination of atank, a wheel within and near the bottom of the tank constructed with anopening in its center toward the bottom of the apparatus and with apocket or pockets extending outwardly from its open center, means forrotating the wheel, a series of hollow perforated tubes mounted upon thewheel with their interiors connected with the pockets of the wheel, andmeans to return the liquor under and to the center of the wheel afterbeing thrown out from the perforated tubes, substantially as described.

10. In an apparatus for dyeing tops or cheeses, the combination of atank, a wheel within and near the bottom of the tank constructed with anopening in its center toward the bottom of the apparatus and withapocket orpockets extendingoutwardly from the open center, means forrotating the wheel, a series of hollow perforated tubes mounted upon thewheel with their interiors connected with the pockets of the wheel, aseries of perforated cans surrounding the tubes, means for rotating thecans and tubes upon their axes, and means for returning the liquor underand to the center of the wheel after being thrown from the perforatedtubes, substantially as described.

11. In an apparatus for dyeing tops or cheeses, the combination of atank, a wheel within and near the bottom ofthe tank constructed with anopening in its center on the side toward the bottom of the tank and withupper and lower coverings, the latter being inclined upward from theopen center toward the outer circumference, means for rotating thewheel, and a series of hollow perforated tubes mounted upon the wheelwith their interiors connected with the space or spaces between thecoverings of the wheel, substan-

